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Native invertebrate recovery centre

Tadpole Shrimp (Triops cancriformis)

 

The tadpole shrimp is often called a “living fossil,” with a lineage stretching back at least 220 million years. These extraordinary crustaceans are found in ephemeral freshwater or slightly brackish pools that dry seasonally. Such habitats prevent predators from establishing, giving Triops a unique survival advantage.
At Wildwood Trust, we are breeding, researching, and protecting this species as part of our Native Invertebrate Recovery Centre, in collaboration with Ian Hughes (Lifeforms Art), BIAZA, and Restore Nature.

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Quick facts

 

Ancient lineage: ≥220 million years (a true “living fossil”)

Rapid life cycle: Matures in just 2–3 weeks

Hearty appetite: Consumes up to ~40% of body mass daily

Egg survival strategy: Some hatch immediately, while others enter diapause and may survive for up to 27 years, enduring extreme heat, cold, saltwater immersion, and even digestion.

 

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Habitat & life history

 

Tadpole shrimp thrive in temporary freshwater or slightly brackish pools that dry out seasonally. These ephemeral habitats reduce predator numbers, helping Triops survive where other species cannot.

Triops mature in just 2–3 weeks, feeding on invertebrates, plants, and sediment. They grow rapidly, fuelled by a huge appetite. Their eggs employ a survival strategy: some hatch immediately, while others remain dormant (diapause), surviving extreme conditions for decades.

 

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UK status & threats to survival

 

Classified as Endangered in the UK
Legally protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Found in only two known UK sites: The New Forest (Hampshire), and near the Solway Firth at Caerlaverock, Scotland

 

Threats:

Habitat degradation

Loss of grazing (vital for pond health)

Climate change and drought

Pollution

Predators and invasive plants

Veterinary chemicals from livestock (e.g. avermectins)

Maintaining traditional grazing is critical to keeping ponds healthy for Triops populations.

Our conservation work

 

Wildwood Trust is working with Ian Hughes (Entomologist, Lifeforms Art), BIAZA, and Restore Nature to:

Captive breed tadpole shrimp

Research their ecology and biology

Develop conservation actions to protect and restore populations

This work forms part of the Native Invertebrate Recovery Centre Project.

 

Photo credit: Ian Hughes

Protect  Conserve  Rewild

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